The Development of International Trade in Türkiye in The Century of The Republic

Abstract

Today, international trade is seen as one of the most important tools in the development of countries, sustaining economic growth and ensuring integration with other countries. The Republic of Türkiye has not remained indifferent to the process of change in international trade in the world. As a matter of fact, with the proclamation of the Republic in 1923, Türkiye has developed various strategies in order to be a part of the globalization and rapid change process occurring in the world trade scene. In the period from the declaration of the Republic to the present day, international trade strategies have been determined according to the national and international conditions of each period and importance has been given to ensuring international trade balance by increasing exports. It is seen that in the first years of the establishment of the Republic of Türkiye, it was significantly negatively affected economically by two important wars, the First World War and the War of Independence. In the early years of the Republic, the agricultural sector provided a large portion of export income in international trade. Today, Türkiye's international trade structure differs greatly from its structure in the founding period. Over the course of a century, international trade, which has developed through foreign economic relations, has significantly affected development and industrialization. However, changes in domestic economic policy also had an impact on international trade. Within the scope of the study, international trade strategies implemented in the periods from the proclamation of the republic until today, internal and external factors affecting international trade, and international trade volumes according to periods are examined. The aim of the study is to reveal Türkiye's development in international trade from a historical perspective, from the first period of the Republic of Türkiye to the centenary of the republic.