The History of Opera Art and Opera From Tanzimat to Today

Abstract

The opera “Daphne”, composed by Jacopo Peri from the Camerata ensemble that came together to revive Greek mythology and was written Decently by the Italian poet Ottavio Rinucci, is considered the first opera in history. The art of opera, which originated in Florence, Italy in 1594, has passed through various periods until today. After Daphne, Claudio Monteverdi was the first composer to develop the art of opera. the opera “La Favola d'orfeo”, which was performed in 1607, has been considered an important turning point in the development of opera history. The art of opera, which emerged in the period called the Renaissance in classical Western music and skillfully uses both dramatic and musical elements, has undergone many changes to the present day. In Western classical music, the periods have been called the “Renaissance”, “Baroque”, “Classical”, “Romantic” and the “Modern” period in which we are. Opera, which experienced great development in the Baroque period, reflected the characteristics of the period with names such as Henry Purcell and George Friderich Handel. In the classical period, it has become more balanced, with composers such as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Christoph Willibald Gluck. Opera, which became rich in emotional expression and large orchestrations during the romantic period, has been the scene of works written on the pages of history by composers such as Giuseppe Verdi, Richard Wagner and Giacomo Puccini. Finally, the modern period in which we are living has become a period of experimentation and diversity in the art of opera. The modern period has been the period when different musical and thematic approaches have been tried in the field of opera.

The art of opera, which emerged in Italy and developed in Europe, was III in our country for the first time. Selim was put on the stage at the time. The first opera after the Republican period was the opera “Özsoy”, the subject of which was specially chosen by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and composed by Ahmet Adnan Saygun, one of the Turkish five. In this study, the stages of opera art from its inception to the present day and its place in our country will be examined.